Radiology Procedure (B. M. F. T)

       (BARIUM MEAL FOLLOW THROUGH)

The radiology procedure B.M.F.T. stands for Barium Meal Follow Through. It is a diagnostic imaging test used to visualize the small intestine using barium sulfate contrast medium and X-rays.

✅ Indication (When it's done):

  • Chronic or unexplained abdominal pain
  • Suspected small bowel obstruction
  • Chronic diarrhea
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (e.g., Crohn’s disease)
  • Malabsorption syndromes
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin
  • Suspected small bowel tumors

🚫 Contraindications (When it should not be done):

  • Suspected or confirmed gastrointestinal perforation (risk of barium leakage into peritoneum)
  • Severe constipation or bowel obstruction (risk of impaction)
  • Allergy to barium (rare but consider alternatives)
  • Pregnancy (due to radiation exposure unless clearly needed)
  • Patients unable to swallow or at risk of aspiration

🧪 Contrast Used:

  • Barium sulfate suspension (orally administered)
  • In certain cases (perforation suspected), water-soluble contrast like Gastrografin may be used instead

🍽️ Preparation:

  • Fasting: NPO (nil per os) for 6-8 hours before the test (no food or drink)
  • Bowel preparation: Sometimes a mild laxative the night before
  • Remove all metallic objects that may obscure the imaging area

🧫 Method / Procedure:

  1. Patient drinks barium sulfate suspension.
  2. Serial X-rays or fluoroscopy are taken at intervals (typically 15–30 minutes) to track the barium as it moves through the small intestine.
  3. Compression spot films may be taken for detailed views of different bowel segments.
  4. The procedure may last up to 4–6 hours depending on intestinal transit time.

📸 Films Taken:

  • Initial control film (abdomen) before contrast
  • Serial abdominal films at regular intervals: 15, 30, 60, 90 minutes, and beyond until contrast reaches the colon
  • Spot compression views of areas of interest

🛁 After Care:

  • Encourage increased fluid intake to flush out barium
  • Inform patient that stools may appear white or chalky
  • Monitor for signs of constipation or barium impaction
  • If symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, or no bowel movement arise — advise follow-up

🦠 Diseases Diagnosed:

  • Crohn’s disease (skip lesions, strictures, cobblestoning)
  • Tuberculosis of the intestine
  • Small bowel obstruction
  • Celiac disease (flattened folds, dilated loops)
  • Tumors or polyps
  • Intussusception
  • Malabsorption syndromes


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